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Test + ODI verdict list
Viv Richards rises above Sachin Tendulkar by a breath. Sachin Tendulkar keeps the better volume in ODI batting, 18,426 runs to 6,721 runs. Viv Richards's strike rate in ODI batting settles it, 90.20 (1.36× his era) to 86.23 (1.17× his era).
Transparent by design
The list is computed from scorecards, not selected by an AI model. Every player is measured against the same qualified peer population, and the rules below determine the order.
Compared with 1,227 batters who played at least 20 innings.
Compared with 878 batters who played at least 20 innings.
Longevity: uses the square root of career span in years multiplied by matches selected. Match counts and first/last dates come from playing-XI appearances, so a did-not-bat or did-not-bowl match still counts.
Contribution: total runs or wickets measure output within the selected period.
Test average magnitude: overall averages use 85% peer position and 15% raw distance from the best qualified average. For bowlers the ratio is reversed because a lower average is better. Contextual averages remain pure percentiles.
ODI eligibility: this curated list includes players representing current ICC full-member teams. All of their recorded opposition still counts.
Editorial scope: this is a transparent judgement model, not an official record table. It does not insert or promote named players.
Across eras: each rate factor — average, strike rate, economy and the rest — is expressed as an index against the decade it was played in, then ranked against peers. A player is therefore measured against the cricket around him, not against a flat century-wide baseline. Runs and wickets are counts and stay unadjusted.